Ceramic raw material quality plays a decisive role in the performance of the final product.
The chemical composition of raw materials, purity, types of impurities and their inclusion will directly affect the material properties.
The physical state of raw materials such as particle size, particle shape, mineral composition will also influence the performance of the product as well as the process of each process.
The existence of impurities may lead to uneven grain growth and distortions at grain boundaries, which can reduce the hardness and strength of the ceramic.
Impurities are also likely to affect the fracture toughness of ceramics, making them susceptible to crack expansion and reducing their resistance to vibration and impact.
Impurities may also affect the thermal conductivity of ceramics. Impurities
reduce the thermal conductivity of ceramics because they cause distortions in the lattice and scattering at the interface, leading to obstruction of heat conduction.
Impurities have an effect on the chemical stability of ceramics. Some impurities can oxidize and corrode at high temperatures and in chemically corrosive environments, causing deterioration and destruction of the ceramics. Therefore, for ceramic components that need to work in extreme environments, such as combustion chambers, high-temperature furnaces, etc., the control of impurities is particularly important.
♦ Common types are as follows：
- Alkali metal oxides, such as NazO, K2O, etc., which may degrade the performance of ceramics.
- Transition element oxides, such as MnO2, Fe2O3; etc., such impurities on the piezoelectric properties of ceramics have a great impact. Piezoelectric ceramic raw materials are required to its content should be less than 0.1%.
- Moderate amount of Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+ and other radius and Pb2+ close to the impurity ions or Ti2+ radius close to the Mg2+ impurity ions, etc., such impurities can be replaced with the main component to form a solid solution, resulting in an impact on the performance of ceramics.
- Organic impurities.
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